Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam and is a form of charity meant to help those in need. According to Islamic teachings, there are eight categories of people who are eligible to receive zakat, known as asnaf. These are:
- The Poor (Al-Fuqara): Individuals who do not have enough income to meet their basic needs, such as food, shelter, and clothing. They live below the poverty line and are in dire need of financial assistance.
- The Needy (Al-Masakin): Similar to the poor, but they may not be in as extreme a condition. They may have some resources, but they are insufficient to cover their essential needs and are still in need of support.
- Those Employed to Collect Zakat (Al-‘Amilina ‘Alayha): These are individuals assigned to collect and distribute zakat. They may receive a portion of the zakat for their efforts in managing and overseeing its distribution.
- Those Whose Hearts Are to Be Reconciled (Al-Muallafah Qulubuhum): This category includes individuals who are new to Islam or those whose hearts are still in need of reassurance. Zakat can be used to help strengthen their faith and loyalty to Islam.
- Captives (Ar-Riqab): People who are enslaved or in bondage, whether due to war, debt, or other circumstances. Zakat can be used to free them from captivity and provide them with a new chance for a better life.
- The Debt-Ridden (Al-Gharimin): Individuals who are burdened by debt and cannot repay it. Zakat can be used to help them settle their debts and alleviate their financial burdens.
- Those Who Fight in the Cause of Allah (Fi Sabilillah): This category refers to those who are engaged in legitimate struggle for the sake of Islam, such as soldiers or those working in religious and humanitarian causes. Zakat can support their efforts.
- The Wayfarer (Ibn as-Sabil): Travelers who, although not necessarily poor, find themselves in a difficult situation while away from home and are in need of financial assistance to continue their journey.